Purpose of review: The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the state of breastfeeding in the United States and to examine recent evidence for strategies aimed at optimizing successful breastfeeding in the neonatal period.
Recent findings: Although rates of any and exclusive breastfeeding are rising, American mothers and infants are still unable to meet the Healthy People 2010 objectives. A review of the current literature demonstrates that the 'Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding' and the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative are effective measures to increase breastfeeding initiation, duration, and exclusivity. A recent national survey reveals a significant proportion of pediatricians are not providing evidence-based recommendations for breastfeeding guidance and support.
Summary: The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, based upon the 'Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding', is an effective evidence-based model of perinatal care that protects, promotes, and supports breastfeeding. Pediatricians should aim to provide anticipatory guidance and management consistent with the 'Ten Steps' to optimize breastfeeding outcomes for mothers and their newborns.