The complex and controversial relationship of type A behavior to myocardial infarction and other illnesses may be mediated through health habits and illness behavior. We hypothesized that type A persons tend to reject the sick role, delay in seeking medical care, seek convenient medical care facilities, are impatient for recovery, return to work before they have fully recovered, and are less likely to engage in positive health habits. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a large corporation in Cleveland, Ohio. A detailed questionnaire that examined health-promoting and illness behaviors was sent to 385 managers, 54% of whom responded. Models tested using path analysis supported the hypotheses that type A persons are more likely than are type B employees to reject the sick role, delay in seeking medical care, be impatient for recovery, and return to work before a full recovery. The study findings imply that type A employees may be less likely to miss work for minor illnesses, but they may be prone to adverse outcomes from illnesses that require early care or assumption of the sick role. The hypothesis that type A persons are less likely to engage in positive health-habits behavior was not supported.