The venous thromboembolism is a serious disease, but it is possible to some extend eliminate it by properthromboprophylaxis. The recommendations in gynecology result from guidelines not only in surgery and the internal medicine, but also from specific gynecologic conditions. The early and frequent mobilization is recommended for minor gynecological surgery and laparoscopic procedures. For major gynecological surgery and laparoscopic procedures in whom additional VTE risk factors are present, low molecular weight heparin is indicated. In major gynecological surgery for malignancy, low molecular heparin is needed in dose at least 4,000 antiXa IU. The prolonged prophylaxis for 28 days is also suitable in this setting.