Background: Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) was introduced in the clinical practice to treat small benign thyroid nodules. This method has recently been demonstrated to produce the same completeness as a conventional thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The low number of treated cases and the limited follow-up of these patients represent the major limitations of these studies.
Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the outcome of two groups of PTC patients, one treated with MIVAT and the other with conventional thyroidectomy, after a median follow-up of 5 yr.
Study group: A total of 221 PTC patients were enrolled in this study according to the following criteria: 171 were treated with MIVAT (group A), and 50 were treated with conventional thyroidectomy (group B).
Results: The outcome and the cumulative (131)I activity administered to achieve curative status were compared. After a mean follow-up of 3.6 +/- 1.5 yr (range, 1-8 yr; median, 5 yr), no differences were found between group A and group B. A similar rate of permanent hypoparathyroidism and/or nerve cord palsy was found in both groups.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that PTC patients operated on with MIVAT had a good outcome after 5 yr. This was similar to the outcome of patients treated with conventional thyroidectomy and the same degree of exposure to (131)I. These results, together with the evidence of a similar degree of completeness and rate of complications between the two surgical techniques, show that MIVAT is a valid option to treat low- and intermediate-risk PTC patients.