Seminoma cell lines, essential to the study of the biology of seminoma, do not exist. Tissue culture conditions for establishing such cell lines have to be developed. Under conventional culture conditions, seminoma cells usually die within the first 3 days after plating. The enhanced survival of rat gonocytes when cocultured with rat Sertoli cells in serum-free medium suggests that seminoma cells, the neoplastic counterparts of gonocytes, might benefit from the same conditions. Indeed, when cocultured with rat Sertoli cells in a serum-free medium, viable seminoma cells could be demonstrated on the 11th day of culture. This result is a significant improvement over the results with conventional methods.