Background: Several studies have shown that coronary stenting reduces the frequency of clinical and angiographic restenosis in patients with mild to moderate renal insufficiency. However, less is known about the long-term benefits of stent use in this population. This study was aimed to determine the impact of coronary stenting on extended (5 years) long-term outcomes of patients with chronic renal insufficiency.
Methods: The study included 602 consecutive patients who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting. Renal insufficiency was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml x min(-1) x 1.73 m(-2). The major adverse cardiac events were compared for patients with (n = 160) and without (n = 442) renal insufficiency.
Results: After the third year of follow-up, nonfatal myocardial infarction and revascularization rates were significantly increased in patients with renal insufficiency compared with those without renal dysfunction (16.9% vs 7.7%, P = 0.001; 29.4% vs 15.8%, P < 0.001). In patients who had recurrent cardiovascular events, a significantly higher rate of de novo stenosis revascularization was found in patients with renal insufficiency than without renal insufficiency (57.7% vs 22.7%, P < 0.001), while there was no significant difference in target lesion revascularization between the groups (51.9% vs 43.6%, P = 0.323). Multivariate analysis demonstrated an independent impact of the presence of renal insufficiency on the major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio: 1.488, 95% confidence interval: 1.051 - 2.106, P = 0.025) and de novo stenosis (hazard ratio: 5.505, 95% confidence interval: 2.151 - 14.090, P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The late major adverse cardiac events, after successful coronary stenting, is increased in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml x min(-1) x 1.73 m(-2). This might be associated with increased risk of de novo stenosis in this population.