Peripheral atherosclerotic aneurysms occur primarily in elderly men. Major complications are arterial thromboembolism with ischemia of the limb and, rarely, rupture of the aneurysm. Vascular reconstruction is associated with a low mortality, and operation is recommended. These aneurysms are often associated with arterial ectasia at other locations. The presence of peripheral atherosclerotic aneurysms always requires a search for other peripheral aneurysms, particularly in the abdominal aorta.