Chitin-based polyurethane elastomers having potential for biomedical applications with tunable mechanical properties were synthesized by step growth polymerization techniques using poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) with different diisocyanates. The prepolymer was extended using chitin and/or 1,4-butane diol (BDO). The structures of the resulted polymers were determined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. The effect of structure of diisocyanates and chain extenders on mechanical properties and in vitro biocompatibility were investigated. The results revealed that the final polymers extended with chitin are preferred candidates for surgical threads with on going investigations into their in vitro biocompatibility and non-toxicity.