Surface silver-doping of biocompatible glass to induce antibacterial properties. Part I: Massive glass

J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2009 Mar;20(3):733-40. doi: 10.1007/s10856-008-3617-9. Epub 2008 Nov 6.

Abstract

A glass belonging to the system SiO(2)-Al(2)O(3)-CaO-Na(2)O has been subjected to a patented ion-exchange treatment to induce surface antibacterial activity by doping with silver ions. Doped samples have been characterized by means of X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS) analysis, in vitro bioactivity test, Ag(+) leaching test by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS) analyses, cytotoxicity tests by fibroblasts adhesion and proliferation, adsorption of IgA and IgG on to the material to evaluate its inflammatory property and antibacterial tests (cultures with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli). In vitro tests results demonstrated that the modified glass maintains the same biocompatibility of the untreated one and, moreover, it acquires an antimicrobial action against tested bacteria. This method can be selected to realize glass or glass-ceramic bone substitutes as well as coatings on bio-inert devices, providing safety against bacterial colonization thus reducing the risks of infections nearby the implant site. The present work is the carrying on of a previous research activity, concerning the application of an ion-exchange treatment on glasses belonging to the ternary system SiO(2)-CaO-Na(2)O. On the basis of previous results the glass composition was refined and the ion-exchange process was adapted to it, in order to tune the final material properties. The addition of Al(2)O(3) to the original glass system and the optimization of the ion-exchange conditions allowed a better control of the treatment, leading to an antibacterial material, without affecting both bioactivity and biocompatibility.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible / chemistry*
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible / pharmacology*
  • Escherichia coli / drug effects
  • Fibroblasts / cytology
  • Fibroblasts / drug effects
  • Glass / chemistry
  • Ion Exchange
  • Materials Testing
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Silver / pharmacology*
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Surface Properties
  • X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible
  • Silver