Intratumoral injection of one or several conventional cytotoxic drugs directly into the tumoral tissue through a flexible bronchoscope by means of an ordinary needle-catheter which is called "endobronchial intratumoral chemotherapy (EITC)" is a therapeutic paradigm of bronchoscopic interventional procedure. The achievement of intratumoral chemotherapy should never be considered merely an ablation technique of endobronchial tumor bulk alike the other endoscopic ablative procedures; but, it exerts most importantly an additional chemotherapeutic specific effect on malignant cells through the action of cytotoxic drug. Owing to its specific effect it has a similarity to brachytherapy and photodynamic therapy. Indeed, in addition to the advantage of the initial eradication of tumoral burden inside the airway lumen in conjunction with mechanical resection, intratumoral delivery of cytotoxic drugs also provides a loco-regional neo-adjuvant therapy for irradiation or surgery. It is a real chemotherapy which differs from intravenous chemotherapy only by its route of delivery. The advantages of intratumoral injection technique include an increased precision in the local delivery of therapeutic materials, complete perfusion of the lesion, higher local tissue concentrations, as well as fewer systemic side effects. The endobronchial intratumoral chemotherapy has not any adverse effect for the patients, does not require any additional instrumentation and could be easily performed in any specialized interventional bronchoscopy unit. In this comprehensive review of "endobronchial intratumoral chemotherapy via-needle catheter", our objective is to define and categorize the efficiency of this therapeutic paradigm of bronchoscopic intervention.