The European Society of Hypertension and European Society of Cardiology guidelines published in 2007 include recommendations for the treatment of arterial hypertension (HT) in special situations. Such special situations include elderly patients, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, HT in women, metabolic syndrome, refractory HT, hypertensive emergencies, and malignant HT. The aim of these guidelines is primarily educational rather than prescriptive. Each section of the guidelines includes a series of recommendations that attempt to offer guidance on the best approach in this type of patients. We summarize the recommendations made in each section of these guidelines.