Objective: To examine the association between pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and small-for-gestational-age babies (SGA) in a Chinese population.
Methods: Subjects were women who delivered a singleton baby (gestational weeks: equal to or greater than 28, and less than 42) in four cities or counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, China, during the period of 1995 - 2000. A total number of 93 743 women were included. Incidence of SGA was calculated and compared between women with or without PIH and between groups with different severities of PIH. Multiple logistic regression was used to address the relationship between PIH and SGA while controlling for maternal age, occupation, education, parity, BMI, anemia, premature rupture of membranes and fetal sex. The association between PIH and SGA was also examined according to preterm or term delivery.
Results: The incidence of SGA in women with PIH (6.0%) was higher than women without (4.5%), and the incidence increased with severities of PIH. The adjusted relative risk rates (95% CI) of SGA in women with mild,moderate and severe PIH were 1.17 (1.01-1.34), 1.69 (1.33-2.14), and 3.50 (2.57-4.77), respectively, when confounders were controlled for. The risk ratios of SGA in women with PIH among women who delivered a preterm baby were higher than those among women who delivered a term baby.
Conclusion: There seemed a statistical association between PIH and SGA and women with PIH having higher incidence of SGA than those without PIH.