The physician-patient relationship is of fundamental importance not only for individual patients but for the health care system in general and thus also for bioethical reflections. We give an overview on current research and analyses regarding the physician-patient relationship. A comprehensive ethical analysis takes conditions (historical and societal influences, norms and principles), the action itself and its consequences on the individual level (patient, physician) and societal level (health care system) into consideration. At present, two models of the physician-patient relationship are predominantly discussed, especially in terms of care ethics: evidence-based patient choice and shared decision making. These forms of relationships seem to be promising for several reasons, but might not fit all situations, and suitable for all preferences of patients and physicians in the same way. We conclude with a summary of the current debate and point out some of its shortcomings.