Staging and prognosis in head and neck cancer

Oral Oncol. 2009 Apr-May;45(4-5):356-60. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.05.022. Epub 2008 Aug 19.

Abstract

Head and neck malignant tumors are classified according to the TNM staging system. The TNM system is a universally accepted, widely used, staging method. Its goals are to help clinicians and researchers to choose from treatment options, to give patients an estimate of their prognosis and to compare results of treatment. In this paper we discuss the history and daily usage of the TNM system and some pros and cons. In the field of prognostic estimations, particularly for the individual patient, the TNM system could be upgraded with other prognostic indicators. We discuss insights into enhanced usage of the TNM system and the possibilities of comprehensive and dynamic staging models.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Protocols
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Biological
  • Neoplasm Staging* / methods
  • Neoplasm Staging* / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Care Planning
  • Prognosis