A new type wound dressing-aFGF/collagen composite sponge was prepared by bovine tendon and aFGF. Its physical function, biocompatibility, and hemocompatibility in particular, were studied for full assurance of its biosafety. The acute toxicity and skin irritation tests of composite sponge of high and low doses were negative. Recalcification test demonstrated that the recalcification time of composite sponge was much longer than that of the control group. Hemolysis test revealed that the composite sponge did not lead to hemolysis. Platelet adhesion test showed that the surface of composite sponge had less platelet adhesion than did the surface of glass, and the composite sponge did not destroy platelets. The results indicate that aFGF/collagen composite sponge has good biocompatibility and possibility for clinical use.