A 2008 study focused on four key performance indicators (KPIs) and staffing levels to benchmark the FYO7 performance of physician group billing operations. A comparison of the change in the KPIs from FYO3 to FYO7 for a number of these billing operations disclosed across-the-board improvements. Billing operations did not show significant changes in staffing levels during this time, pointing to the existence of obstacles that prevent staff reductions in this area.