We investigated the effects of socioeconomic, demographic and health-related indicators on the incidence of and survival from cancers of the cervix, endometrium and ovary diagnosed in 1994-2003 with follow-up through 2006 in Denmark using information from nationwide registers. The analyses were based on the data on 3007 patients with cervical cancer, 3826 with endometrial cancer and 3855 with ovarian cancer in a cohort of 3.22 million persons born between 1925 and 1973 and aged >or=30 years. The incidence of cervical cancer increased with decreasing socioeconomic position; the incidences of endometrial and ovarian cancer were mostly associated with higher disposable income. Relative survival from cervical cancer was the highest among women of high socioeconomic position; increased excess mortality rates from endometrial and ovarian cancer were associated with low educational level, mainly during the first year after diagnosis. Socioeconomic position seemed to affect both the incidence of and the survival from cancers of the female genital organs.