Effect of alcohol on bacterial hemolysis

Curr Microbiol. 2008 Oct;57(4):318-25. doi: 10.1007/s00284-008-9196-7. Epub 2008 Jul 26.

Abstract

Hemolysis of blood agar is broadly used as a diagnostic tool for identifying and studying pathogenic microorganisms. We have recently shown that alcohol vapors can confer hemolytic properties on otherwise nonhemolytic fungi (microbial alcohol-conferred hemolysis; MACH). Until now, this phenomenon has been found in various yeast strains and other fungi, but only in a few bacterial species (e.g., staphylococci). In the current study we (1) determined the extent of the above phenomenon in various gram-positive and gram-negative laboratory bacterial strains and in clinical bacterial isolates, (2) validated the observed hemolysis using a quantitative technique, and (3) provided evidence that the observed alcohol-mediated hemolysis may, at least in part, be related to synthesis of hemolytic lipids.

MeSH terms

  • Agar
  • Alcohols / metabolism
  • Alcohols / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Bacteriological Techniques
  • Butanols / metabolism
  • Butanols / pharmacology*
  • Culture Media
  • Erythrocytes / microbiology*
  • Erythrocytes / pathology
  • Ethanol / metabolism
  • Ethanol / pharmacology*
  • Female
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / chemistry
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / classification
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / isolation & purification
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / pathogenicity*
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / chemistry
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / classification
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / isolation & purification
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / pathogenicity*
  • Hemolysis / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Lipids / analysis
  • Lipids / isolation & purification
  • Sheep

Substances

  • Alcohols
  • Butanols
  • Culture Media
  • Lipids
  • Ethanol
  • Agar