In tests on a group of 250 rats, we studied (i) the level of microcirculation in the muscles of a healthy limb in the norm and (ii) the dynamics of microcirculation for 6 h after treatment with pentoxifylline in a dose of 60 mg/kg dose and L-arginine in a dose of 30 and 200 mg/kg. The chronic ischemia was modeled by excision of basic femoral artery. There was no significant difference in pentoxyfilline-treated animals in comparison to the control. In the group treated with L-arginine in a dose of 30 mg/kg, a significant increase in microcirculation was observed on the 28-th day of experiment. In the group treated with L-arginine in a dose of 200 mg/kg, there was an increase of microcirculation in all terms of the experiment in comparison to the control. The results of laser doppler flow measurements are correlated with the results of morphological investigation.