As a master switch for cell proliferation and differentiation, Myc exerts its biological functions mainly through transcriptional regulation of its target genes, which are involved in cells?interaction and communication with their external environment. The N-myc downstream-regulated gene (NDRG) family is composed of NDRG1, NDRG2, NDRG3 and NDRG4, which are important in cell proliferation and differentiation. This review summarizes the recent studies on the structure, tissue distribution and functions of NDRG2 that try to show its significance in studying cancer and its therapeutic potential.