Experimental realization of linear-optical partial swap gates

Phys Rev Lett. 2008 May 9;100(18):180501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.180501. Epub 2008 May 6.

Abstract

We present a linear-optical implementation of a class of two-qubit partial SWAP gates for polarization states of photons. Different gate operations, including the SWAP and entangling sqrt[SWAP], can be obtained by changing a classical control parameter, namely, the path difference in the interferometer. Reconstruction of output states, full quantum process tomography, and an evaluation of entanglement of formation prove very good performance of the gates.