Successful autologous stem cell collection in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in complete cytogenetic response, with quantitative measurement of BCR-ABL expression in blood, marrow, and apheresis products

Leuk Lymphoma. 2008 Mar;49(3):531-7. doi: 10.1080/10428190701799043.

Abstract

Imatinib mesylate is the initial therapy of choice for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP), but in some patients, the disease becomes resistant to imatinib. Autologous stem cell transplantation using cells collected while in complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) may represent a therapeutic option for these patients. We mobilized and collected autologous CD34(+) stem cells from 20 CML-CP patients in CCyR, 19 of whom were taking imatinib, and measured BCR-ABL expression in the apheresis products, blood and bone marrow using real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR). Stem cells were mobilized with G-CSF 10 microg/kg daily for 5 days. In patients whose initial collection was <2x10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg, G-CSF dose was increased to 10 microg/kg twice daily on the second attempt, and imatinib was held for 14 days if a third attempt was necessary. All 20 patients successfully mobilized the target yield of 2 to 5x10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg; 16 reached target yield with the first mobilization. The median number of CD34(+) cells collected was 4.4 (range, 2.0 - 8.4)x10(6)/kg in a median of 3 (range, 2 - 6) apheresis days. Of 17 patients whose stem cell products were evaluable by RQ-PCR, 11 (65%) had >or=1 daily product with undetectable BCR-ABL; 4 of these (24%) had no detectable BCR-ABL in any apheresis products. BCR-ABL expression in apheresis products was correlated with levels of expression in the blood and marrow prior to mobilization. No patient has yet required transplantation. With median follow-up of 18 months, all patients remain in CCyR and 9 of 16 (54%) have undetectable BCR-ABL in the most recent blood and marrow sample.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antigens, CD34 / analysis*
  • Benzamides
  • Blood Component Removal / methods*
  • Bone Marrow / chemistry
  • Cytogenetic Analysis
  • Female
  • Filgrastim
  • Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / analysis*
  • Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / blood
  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / administration & dosage*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization
  • Humans
  • Imatinib Mesylate
  • Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / diagnosis*
  • Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Piperazines / administration & dosage
  • Pyrimidines / administration & dosage
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Remission Induction
  • Transplantation, Autologous
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antigens, CD34
  • Benzamides
  • Piperazines
  • Pyrimidines
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
  • Imatinib Mesylate
  • Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl
  • Filgrastim