The purpose of this study was to investigate gender differences in quality of life for post Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) patients in Taiwan. Cross-sectional survey research design and purposive sampling were used in this study, for which 100 subjects, including 50 males and 50 females, were recruited from a medical center in northern Taiwan. Quality of life was measured by Short Form 36, while gender role function and demographic data were collected using a demographic questionnaire. An Independent t test and one way ANOVA were employed to analyze data. Study results showed significant differences in quality of life between genders. There was a statistically significant difference in the physical component summary score, post-CABG, between males (M=45.5) and females (M=40.1, p< .05), which indicates that men demonstrated higher physical functioning than women. Within this component, the greatest difference between the genders was noted in sub-items related to physical functions. Men and women achieved mean scores of 42.2 and 37.9, respectively (p< .05). For the mental component summary section, sub-items related to vitality also demonstrated statistical significance; with men achieving a mean score of 49.6 and women a mean score of 45.2 (p< .05). Of interest, post-CABG patients who had greater role responsibilities, such as taking care of elderly or doing housework, obtained significantly higher quality of life scores.