Based on the second national soil survey of China, the fractal dimension of soil particles in the surface layers of 36 typical profiles of black soil was calculated. The results showed that the fractal dimension was 2.5831-2.8230, being increased with decreasing diameter of soil texture, but the variability was inconspicuous. The fractal dimension was negatively correlated with the contents of sand (2-0.02 mm) and silt (0.02-0.002 mm) (P < 0.05), but positively correlated with clay (< 0.002 mm) content (P < 0.01). No significant correlations were observed between soil particle fractal dimension and soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and pH. The fractal dimension of soil particles could be used as a comprehensive and quantitative index in evaluating the degradation degree of black soil.