Abstract
The first part of this two-part article (Clancy and McVicar, 2007) identified acid and alkaline buffers in the body fluids as the body's short-term homeostatic mechanisms involved in maintaining the 'acid-base homeostasis' of body fluids. The second part of this article explores the respiratory and renal systems as the respective intermediate and long-term homeostatic mechanisms involved in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. It also discusses what happens if these mechanisms fail.
MeSH terms
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Acid-Base Equilibrium / physiology*
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Acid-Base Imbalance / etiology
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Acid-Base Imbalance / metabolism*
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Acid-Base Imbalance / prevention & control*
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Acidosis / metabolism
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Alkalosis / metabolism
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Blood Gas Analysis
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Body Fluids
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Causality
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Critical Care / methods
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Homeostasis / physiology*
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Humans
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Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
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Kidney / physiology
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Models, Nursing
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Monitoring, Physiologic / methods
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Monitoring, Physiologic / nursing
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Nursing Assessment
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Nursing Process
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Patient Care Planning
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Respiratory Physiological Phenomena