Tactile-'visual' acuity of the tongue in early blind individuals

Neuroreport. 2007 Dec 3;18(18):1901-4. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e3282f2a63.

Abstract

This study compares the 'tactile-visual' acuity of the tongue for 15 early blind participants with that of 24 age-matched and sex-matched sighted controls. Snellen's tumbling E test was used to assess 'visual' acuity using the tongue display unit. The tongue display unit is a sensory substitution device that converts a visual stimulus grabbed by a camera into electro-tactile pulses delivered to the tongue via a grid made out of electrodes. No overall significant difference was found in thresholds between early blind (1/206) and sighted control (1/237) participants. We found, however, a larger proportion of early blind in the two highest visual acuity categories (1/150 and 1/90). These results extend earlier findings that it is possible to measure visual acuity in the blind individuals using the tongue. Moreover, our data demonstrate that a subgroup of early blind participants is more efficient than controls in conveying visual information through the tongue.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Physiological / physiology*
  • Adult
  • Afferent Pathways / physiology
  • Blindness / physiopathology*
  • Discrimination Learning / physiology
  • Electric Stimulation
  • Female
  • Functional Laterality / physiology
  • Humans
  • Hyperesthesia / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuronal Plasticity / physiology
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Pattern Recognition, Visual / physiology
  • Sensory Aids
  • Sensory Deprivation / physiology
  • Sensory Thresholds / physiology
  • Somatosensory Cortex / physiology
  • Tongue / innervation
  • Tongue / physiology*
  • Touch / physiology*
  • Visual Cortex / physiology
  • Visual Perception / physiology*