Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. This short review summarizes the current knowledge about the role of lipids, especially cholesterol, sphingolipids, plasmalogens, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in Alzheimer's disease etiology, pathogenesis, risk-factors, prevention, treatment, and the function of the amyloid precursor protein and the amyloid peptides in lipid homeostasis.