This research employed a conductometric technique to estimate the inactivation kinetics of Escherichia coli cells in aqueous suspensions (1 wt.%) during simultaneous pulsed electric fields (PEF) and thermal treatments. The electric field strength was E=5 kV/cm, the effective PEF treatment time t(PEF) was within 0-0.2 s, the pulse duration t(i) was 10(-3) s, the medium temperature was 30-50 degrees C, and the time of thermal treatment t(T) was within 0-7000 s. The damage of E. coli was accompanied by cell size decrease and release of intracellular components. The synergy between PEF and thermal treatments on E. coli inactivation was clearly present. The non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 additionally improved its inactivation. The characteristic damage time followed the Arrhenius law within the temperature range 30-50 degrees C with activation energies W=94+/-2 kJ mol(-1) and W=103+/-5 kJ mol(-1) with and without the presence of surfactant, respectively. Relations between cell aggregation, cell zeta-potentials and presence of surfactant were analysed.