Abstract
Gastric cancer has traditionally been staged using purely histological methods, but these methods provide little information about the biology of gastric cancer and have limited predictive power. Recent studies have shown that clinically relevant gastric cancer subtypes have distinct gene expression profiles. This approach, termed molecular staging, can lead to the discovery of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of gastric cancers. This update reviews advances in molecular staging of gastric cancer and discusses their implications for the prognosis and diagnosis of this complex disease. Technologies used in molecular staging as well as future directions for the optimization of molecular staging of gastric cancer are also discussed.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / genetics
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Cadherins / genetics
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Gene Expression Profiling
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Genes, APC
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Genes, bcl-2
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Genes, erbB-2
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Genes, p16
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Genes, p53
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Genetic Markers*
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Humans
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Immunoblotting / methods
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / genetics
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / genetics
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MutL Protein Homolog 1
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Neoplasm Staging
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Nuclear Proteins / genetics
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Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
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Predictive Value of Tests
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Prognosis
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Receptors, Cell Surface / analysis
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Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator
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Stomach Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Stomach Neoplasms / genetics*
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Stomach Neoplasms / pathology*
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3 / genetics
Substances
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
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Cadherins
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Genetic Markers
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MLH1 protein, human
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Nuclear Proteins
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PLAUR protein, human
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Receptors, Cell Surface
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Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 7
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Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
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MutL Protein Homolog 1