Delivery of drugs and macromolecules to mitochondria

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007 Aug 10;59(8):729-38. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.06.004. Epub 2007 Jun 28.

Abstract

Mitochondria is where the bulk of the cell's ATP is produced. Mutations occur to genes coding for members of the complexes involved in energy production. Some are a result of damages to nuclear coded genes and others to mitochondrial coded genes. This review describes approaches to bring small molecules, proteins and RNA/DNA into mitochondria. The purpose is to repair damaged genes as well as to interrupt mitochondrial function including energy production, oxygen radical formation and the apoptotic pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / physiology
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism
  • DNA Repair / drug effects
  • DNA Repair / genetics
  • DNA, Mitochondrial / drug effects
  • DNA, Mitochondrial / genetics
  • Drug Delivery Systems / methods*
  • Humans
  • Macromolecular Substances / administration & dosage*
  • Macromolecular Substances / metabolism
  • Mitochondria / metabolism*
  • Mitochondrial Diseases / drug therapy
  • Mitochondrial Diseases / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism*
  • Mitochondrial Membranes / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Precursor Protein Import Complex Proteins
  • Onium Compounds / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Peptide Nucleic Acids / metabolism
  • Peptide Nucleic Acids / pharmacokinetics*
  • Protein Sorting Signals / genetics
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae
  • Trityl Compounds / metabolism

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Carrier Proteins
  • DNA, Mitochondrial
  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Mitochondrial Precursor Protein Import Complex Proteins
  • Onium Compounds
  • Peptide Nucleic Acids
  • Protein Sorting Signals
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • TIMM23 protein, human
  • Trityl Compounds
  • triphenylmethylphosphonium