Methods are described to take a list of genes generated from a microarray experiment and interpret these results using various tools and ontologies. A workflow is described that details how to convert gene identifiers with SOURCE and MatchMiner and then use these converted gene lists to search the gene ontology (GO) and the medical subject headings (MeSH) ontology. Examples of searching GO with DAVID, EASE, and GOMiner are provided along with an interpretation of results. The mining of MeSH using high-density array pattern interpreter with a set of gene identifiers is also described.