Objectives: To analyze the causes of stridor in infancy and its treatment.
Material and methods: Ninety patients under 1 year of age with stridor (93.06 +/- 82.4 days) were included. All patients were diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Results: Thirty-eight patients were referred from the pediatric and neonatal intensive care units, 23 from an outpatient clinic and 29 from other hospitals. Diagnoses were subglottic stenosis in 21 patients, tracheobronchomalacia in 20, laryngomalacia in 20, tracheal stenosis in 17, cervical hemolymphangiomas in five, vocal cord palsies in four, and glottic edema in three. Forty-six patients (51.1 %) required surgery: 14 for functional disorders and 32 for anatomical anomalies. Six patients required further surgery: five with subglottic stenosis and one with tracheal stenosis. Outcome was very good or good in 75 patients (83.4 %) and was fair or poor in eight (8.8 %). Seven patients (7.8 %) died. Causes of death were an associated congenital heart disease in four patients, sepsis in one, bronchopneumonia in one, and suture dehiscence in an anterior cartilage graft tracheoplasty in one. CONCLUSION. According to our results, fiberoptic bronchoscopy should be performed in infants with stridor, as an underlying anomaly requiring surgical treatment is frequently found. The severity of stridor does not always correlate with the severity of the lesion. Potentially lethal causes can be found, requiring early treatment.