Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of enzymes detected in a diverse range of cell types where they regulate various cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, cytoskeletal remodelling, cytokine production, and receptor-mediated signal transduction. In this study we have analyzed the expression of 11 PKC isoforms (-alpha, -beta(I), -beta(II), -gamma, -delta, -eta, -theta, -epsilon, -zeta, -iota/lambda, and -micro) in osteoblasts from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in comparison with osteoblasts from post-traumatic (PT) patients. By Western blotting analysis, nine isoforms, -alpha, -beta(I), -beta(II), -delta, -theta, - epsilon, -zeta, - iota/lambda, and -micro, were detected in osteoblasts. In RA and OA patients, PKC -theta and -micro were greater expressed whereas PKC-epsilon and -zeta decreased when compared with normal cells. The subcellular distribution and quantitative differences were confirmed by immuno-electron microscopy. Furthermore, we demonstrated that treatment with the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, significantly decreased PKC-zeta expression in PT osteoblasts. This suggests that proinflammatory cytokines can modulate the expression of this PKC isoform in osteoblasts in a way which is similar to changes detected in arthritic patients.
(c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.