Enhanced sensitivity to naltrexone-induced drinking suppression of fluid intake and sucrose consumption in maternally separated rats

Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2007 Apr;86(4):784-96. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.03.007. Epub 2007 Mar 28.

Abstract

Early-life stress has been identified as a risk factor in the development of a host of disorders, including substance abuse; however the link between early postnatal stress and changes in measures of reward has not been thoroughly researched. The current study had two main objectives: 1) to determine the impact of maternal separation (an animal model of early-life stress) on the consumption of 10% and 2.5% sucrose solutions by Long-Evans rat dams and male and female offspring, and 2) to determine the effect of the opioid antagonist naltrexone (0.1-3.0 mg/kg) on drinking by each of those groups. Dam-pup separations occurred for varying lengths of time during the first two postnatal weeks. In Experiment 1, a two-bottle choice test (sucrose solution vs. water) was administered across five days to both nonhandled (NH) and maternally-separated (MS) offspring as adults and to dams 2-4 weeks post-weaning. In Experiment 2, naltrexone was administered prior to two-bottle choice tests. MS males and the dams of MS litters exhibited increased intake of total fluid and sucrose solutions, whereas results from females were less consistent. Naltrexone elicited a greater decrease in fluid intake and sucrose intake in male MS offspring compared to male NH offspring. These results indicate that early postnatal stress alters both sucrose consumption, a non-drug measure of reward, and apparently the brain opioid systems that mediate naltrexone-induced drinking suppression.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain / drug effects
  • Brain / physiopathology
  • Drinking / drug effects*
  • Drinking / physiology
  • Female
  • Food Preferences / drug effects
  • Food Preferences / physiology
  • Male
  • Models, Animal
  • Naltrexone / pharmacology*
  • Narcotic Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Opioid Peptides / physiology
  • Pregnancy
  • Rats
  • Rats, Long-Evans
  • Reward
  • Sex Characteristics
  • Solutions
  • Stress, Psychological / complications
  • Stress, Psychological / physiopathology
  • Substance-Related Disorders / etiology
  • Substance-Related Disorders / physiopathology
  • Substance-Related Disorders / psychology
  • Sucrose / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Narcotic Antagonists
  • Opioid Peptides
  • Solutions
  • Sucrose
  • Naltrexone