Introduction: The prognostic value of identifying the retinal status of diabetic patients undergoing coronary implantation of drug-eluting stents is unknown.
Methods: We evaluated the outcomes of 318 consecutive patients undergoing implantation of sirolimus-eluting stents for coronary artery disease. Patients were divided into 5 groups according to the diabetic and retinal status: diabetic patients without retinopathy (43 patients); diabetic patients with nonproliferative retinopathy (34); diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy (37); diabetic patients with unknown retinal status (30); and nondiabetic patients (174).
Results: During a mean follow-up of 385 days, 64 patients had target-vessel failure (defined as a composite of death from cardiac causes, myocardial infarction, and target-vessel revascularization). At 1 year, Kaplan-Meier estimates of the rate of target-vessel failure were 15.3% for diabetic patients without retinopathy, 56.6% for those with nonproliferative retinopathy, 17.3% for those with proliferative retinopathy, 19.0% for those with unknown retinal status, and 16.0% for nondiabetic patients. After adjustment for the potential confounders and differences between groups, the relation of nonproliferative retinopathy to target-vessel failure remained significant. In an analysis in which diabetic patients without retinopathy were used as the reference group, the hazard ratios for target-vessel failure were 3.9 for those with nonproliferative retinopathy, 1.3 for those with proliferative retinopathy, 1.1 for those with unknown retinal status, and 1.4 for nondiabetic patients (P for trend = 0.015).
Conclusions: As compared with diabetic patients without retinopathy, those with nonproliferative retinopathy have an increased risk for target-vessel failure after coronary implantation of sirolimus-eluting stents.