Objective: To review the latest development of the research on the self-renwal signaling pathway and culture system in vitro of the embryonic stem cells (ESCs).
Methods: The recent articles about the self-renewal signaling pathway and culture system in vitro of the ESCs were extensively reviewed.
Results: Understanding of the molecular mechanism of the self-renewal in vitro and pluripotency of the ESCs was considered important for developing improved methods of deriving, culturing and differentiating these cells into the cells that could be successfully used in the clinical practice.
Conclusion: A further research is needed to elucidate the self-renewal signaling pathway and the pluripotency of the ESCs and the culture system in vitro for the human ESCs remains to be further improved and developed.