Abstract
We previously demonstrated that tenuifoliside B and 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose in Polygalae Radix, the root of Polygala tenuifolia WILLDENOW, inhibited potassium cyanide (KCN)-induced hypoxia and scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. Because both ingredients have a common sinapoyl moiety in their structure, we inferred that the sinapoyl moiety could inhibit hypoxia and memory impairment. In the present study to clarify the hypothesis, sinapic acid inhibited KCN-induced hypoxia and scopolamine-induced memory impairment as well as tenuifoliside B and 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose did. In addition, sinapic acid inhibited decompression- or bilateral carotid artery ligation-induced hypoxia (or mortality) and CO2-induced impairment in mice, and basal forebrain lesion-induced cerebral cholinergic dysfunction (decreases in acetylcholine concentration and choline acetyltransferase activity) in rats. These results, taken together, suggest the possibilities that sinapic acid is not only a very important moiety in the pharmacological activities of tenuifoliside B and 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose but also a candidate for a cerebral protective and cognition-improving medicine.
MeSH terms
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Acetylcholine / metabolism
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Amnesia / chemically induced
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Amnesia / prevention & control
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Animals
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Carbon Dioxide / administration & dosage
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Carbon Dioxide / toxicity
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Cognition / drug effects*
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Cognition / physiology
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Coma / chemically induced
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Coma / prevention & control
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Coumaric Acids / administration & dosage
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Coumaric Acids / pharmacology*
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / administration & dosage
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Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / toxicity
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Frontal Lobe / drug effects
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Frontal Lobe / metabolism
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Frontal Lobe / physiopathology
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Hypoxia / etiology
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Hypoxia / prevention & control
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Ibotenic Acid / administration & dosage
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Ibotenic Acid / toxicity
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Male
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Medicine, Kampo
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Memory Disorders / physiopathology
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Memory Disorders / prevention & control*
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred ICR
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Neuroprotective Agents / administration & dosage
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Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology*
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Parietal Lobe / drug effects
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Parietal Lobe / metabolism
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Parietal Lobe / physiopathology
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Potassium Cyanide / administration & dosage
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Potassium Cyanide / toxicity
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Rats
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Rats, Wistar
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Scopolamine / administration & dosage
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Scopolamine / toxicity
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Survival Rate
Substances
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Coumaric Acids
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Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists
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Neuroprotective Agents
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Carbon Dioxide
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Ibotenic Acid
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sinapinic acid
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Scopolamine
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Potassium Cyanide
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Acetylcholine