We have co-amplified (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385a,b, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, and Y GATA H4) in a single PCR using the AmpFLSTR Yfiler PCR Amplification system. Allelic frequency distribution and haplotype diversity of 17 Y-chromosomal STR from a sample of 131 unrelated individuals of Chinese Han population living in Shandong province of China were obtained. A total of 129 haplotypes were observed in the 131 individuals studied, of which 127 were unique and two were found in two individuals. The gene diversity values ranged from 0.3560 (DYS391) to 0.9675 (DYS385a,b), The overall haplotype diversity for the 17 Y-STR loci was 0.9998, and the discrimination capacity was 0.9695. These results are compared with those observed in worldwide populations at both the locus and the haplotype level.