Local delivery system of cytotoxic agents to tumors by focused sonoporation

Cancer Gene Ther. 2007 Apr;14(4):354-63. doi: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7701026. Epub 2007 Feb 2.

Abstract

Recently, ultrasound-targeting microbubble destruction has been employed in molecular gene therapy, and a new potent nonviral gene transfer method known as 'sonoporation' has been developed. We investigated the efficiency of sonoporation toward growth inhibition of human gingival squamous carcinoma cell line, Ca9-22, in vitro and in vivo. The cytotoxicity of bleomycin (BLM) was investigated using flow-cytometric analysis and Hoechst's staining in vitro assay systems. We found that the delivery of BLM by sonoporation induced cytotoxic effect toward Ca9-22 cells in vitro. Our in vivo results showed that tumors nearly disappeared in Ca9-22 cell-implanted nude KSN/slc mice treated with a low dose of BLM followed by sonoporation during the 4-week experimental period. Histological analysis revealed that the cytotoxic effect was mainly apoptosis. We previously reported that the cytolethal distending toxin B (cdtB) from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, a periodontopathic bacterium, is responsible for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro. Thus, we used sonoporation to transfect a cdtB-expressing plasmid into Ca9-22 cells and examined cell viability in vitro and in vivo. We found that an administration of cdtB-expressing plasmid followed by sonoporation-induced marked growth inhibition of Ca9-22 cells and apoptotic cells were also observed in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that local administration of cytotoxic agents with sonoporation is a useful method for molecular cancer therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Bacterial Toxins / genetics*
  • Bleomycin / administration & dosage*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Cytotoxins / administration & dosage
  • Drug Delivery Systems / methods*
  • Genetic Therapy / methods*
  • Gingival Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Gingival Neoplasms / pathology
  • Gingival Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Ultrasonics*
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Bacterial Toxins
  • Cytotoxins
  • cytolethal distending toxin, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
  • Bleomycin