In humans and animals, food composition, especially dietary fat, affects androgen secretion and metabolism. On the other hand, disturbances of sex steroid metabolism play an important role in the etiology of hormone-related cancers. In this report the roles of dietary fat, its quantity, fatty acid composition and feeding period on androgens metabolism was described. In conclusion, it should be stated that the amount of dietary fat, and its composition, (i.e. the content of individual fatty acids and/or their groups), as well as the period during which the nutrient is fed to animals affect significantly the secretion and metabolism of androgens.