Relative quantitation of protein-protein interaction strength within the yeast two-hybrid system via fluorescence beta-galactosidase activity detection in a high-throughput and low-cost manner

Assay Drug Dev Technol. 2006 Dec;4(6):709-19. doi: 10.1089/adt.2006.4.709.

Abstract

The yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) method is capable of delivering vast amounts of interacting positive yeast colonies from a single library screen, particularly if a multifunctional protein is used as bait. However, the selection of definitive colonies for further molecular analysis is limited by both technical practicality and high costs. Here we demonstrate a cost-effective and simple method for the rapid selection and ranking of those Y2H-positive interaction clones that are suitable for further analysis. We performed a Y2H screen for the identification of human transforming growth factor beta2- interacting proteins in a human skin keratinocyte library. The identified clones were ranked by the amount of beta-galactosidase enzyme produced, as well as by the interaction strength of the positive colonies. The combination of high-throughput microplate fluorescence readers and specific fluorescence assays can be utilized for relative quantitation of protein-protein interaction strength of Y2H-positive colonies in crude yeast-cell lysates. We demonstrate here that the high sensitivity of the fluorescence approach can bypass cumbersome conventional methods of cell lysis used in beta-galactosidase assays, and still deliver accurate values for analysis of protein interaction data. Finally, we also achieved a better understanding of general aspects of beta-galactosidase measurements in the Y2H system, such as protein normalization, the influence of yeast culture incubation time on optimal beta-galactosidase detection, and the linearity of beta-galactosidase detection in crude cell lysates.

MeSH terms

  • Cost-Benefit Analysis
  • False Positive Reactions
  • Fluorescence
  • Gene Library
  • Humans
  • Keratinocytes / enzymology
  • Organic Chemicals
  • Protein Interaction Mapping / methods*
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Two-Hybrid System Techniques*
  • Yeasts / genetics*
  • beta-Galactosidase / metabolism*

Substances

  • NanoOrange
  • Organic Chemicals
  • beta-Galactosidase