Photodynamic ultradeformable liposomes: Design and characterization

Int J Pharm. 2007 Feb 7;330(1-2):183-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.11.015. Epub 2006 Nov 11.

Abstract

Hydrophobic ([tetrakis(2,4-dimetil-3-pentyloxi)-phthalocyaninate]zinc(II)) (ZnPc) and hydrophilic ([tetrakis(N,N,N-trimethylammoniumetoxi)-phthalocyaninate]zinc(II) tetraiodide) (ZnPcMet) phthalocyanines were synthesized and loaded in ultradeformable liposomes (UDL) of soybean phosphatidylcholine and sodium cholate (6:1, w/w, ratio), resulting 100 nm mean size vesicles of negative Zeta potential, with encapsulation efficiencies of 85 and 53%, enthalpy of phase transition of 5.33 and 158 J/mmol for ZnPc and ZnPcMet, respectively, indicating their deep and moderate partition into UD matrices. Matrix elasticity of UDL-phthalocyanines resulted 28-fold greater than that of non-UDL, leaking only 25% of its inner aqueous content after passage through a nanoporous barrier versus 100% leakage for non-UDL. UDL-ZnPc made ZnPc soluble in aqueous buffer while kept the monomeric state, rendering singlet oxygen quantum yield (Phi(Delta)) similar to that obtained in ethanol (0.61), whereas UDL-ZnPcMet had a four-fold higher Phi(Delta) than that of free ZnPcMet (0.21). Free phthalocyanines were non-toxic at 1 and 10 microM, both in dark or upon irradiation at 15 J/cm2 on Vero and J-774 cells (MTT assay). Only liposomal ZnPc at 10 microM was toxic for J-774 cells under both conditions. Additionally, endo-lysosomal confinement of the HPTS dye was kept after irradiation at 15 J/cm2 in the presence of UDL-phtalocyanines. This could lead to improve effects of singlet oxygen against intra-vesicular pathogen targets inside the endo-lysosomal system.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calorimetry, Differential Scanning
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Indoles / administration & dosage
  • Indoles / chemical synthesis
  • Indoles / chemistry*
  • Isoindoles
  • Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / drug therapy
  • Liposomes / administration & dosage
  • Liposomes / chemical synthesis
  • Liposomes / chemistry*
  • Macrophages / drug effects
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Macrophages / radiation effects
  • Mice
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Nanotechnology
  • Photochemotherapy / methods
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / administration & dosage
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / chemistry*
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence
  • Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
  • Vero Cells

Substances

  • Indoles
  • Isoindoles
  • Liposomes
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
  • phthalocyanine