Attentional bias and general orienting processes in bipolar disorder

J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2007 Jun;38(2):168-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2006.10.007. Epub 2006 Nov 14.

Abstract

Attentional biases for emotional stimuli and general orienting processes were examined in bipolar disorder, using a modified dot-probe task with a spatial cueing paradigm incorporated in it. Bipolar patients in a euthymic state (i.e., remission), bipolar patients in a mildly depressed state, and non-psychiatric controls participated. General orienting results showed that within the patient group as a whole, measures of depressed mood were positively associated with a relative inability to disengage attention. Attentional bias results showed that bipolar patients in a mildly depressed state, in comparison with controls, directed their attention away from depression-related words and positive words. The bias away from positive words was equally present in both patient groups and part of a trait effect, demonstrated by the comparison of patients in a euthymic state and controls. The bias away from depression-related words was mood state-dependent and within the patient group as a whole correlated negatively with measures of depressed mood. It is proposed that biases for emotional stimuli are related to the transition of mood states, characteristic for bipolar disorder.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Affect*
  • Attention*
  • Automatism / psychology
  • Awareness
  • Bipolar Disorder / diagnosis
  • Bipolar Disorder / psychology*
  • Cues
  • Depression / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Orientation*
  • Reaction Time
  • Reading
  • Semantics*