Abstract
An HIV-1-infected patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy presented clinical deterioration and contrast-enhancing lesions on brain nuclear MR after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Brain biopsy identified an inflammatory reaction compatible with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Treatment with corticosteroids and transient suppression of HAART led to marked neurologic improvement.
MeSH terms
-
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications*
-
Adult
-
Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
-
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / adverse effects*
-
Aphasia / chemically induced
-
Aphasia / immunology
-
Aphasia / physiopathology
-
Brain / drug effects*
-
Brain / immunology
-
Brain / pathology
-
Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / drug effects
-
Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / immunology
-
Dexamethasone / therapeutic use
-
Encephalitis / chemically induced*
-
Encephalitis / immunology*
-
Encephalitis / physiopathology
-
Hemiplegia / chemically induced
-
Hemiplegia / immunology
-
Hemiplegia / physiopathology
-
Humans
-
Inclusion Bodies / immunology
-
Inclusion Bodies / pathology
-
Inclusion Bodies / virology
-
JC Virus / immunology
-
JC Virus / isolation & purification
-
Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / drug therapy*
-
Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / physiopathology
-
Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / virology
-
Macrophages / drug effects
-
Macrophages / immunology
-
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
-
Male
-
Oligodendroglia / immunology
-
Oligodendroglia / pathology
-
Oligodendroglia / virology
-
T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
-
T-Lymphocytes / immunology
-
Treatment Outcome
-
Withholding Treatment
Substances
-
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
-
Dexamethasone