Four behavioural risk factors are common in primary care and are often clustered in individuals. Smoking is present from I cigarette per day, excessive alcohol use is defined either by drinking regularly more than 2-3 standard glasses per day or by occasional heavy drinking of more than 4-5 glasses at a time. Patients who don't have regular moderate physical activity of at least 30 minutes during 5 days of a week or intensive physical activity of at least 20 minutes 3 times a week are sedentary. A Body Mass Index of over 30 defines obesity. We propose a "generic" counselling tool in 5 steps, the 5 As, that can be used for any of the four behavioural risk factors during routine consultations. With this counselling guide, practitioners can help patients change behaviour in a motivational style that allows shared decision-making.