Molecular signaling in feather morphogenesis

Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2006 Dec;18(6):730-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2006.10.009. Epub 2006 Oct 17.

Abstract

The development and regeneration of feathers have gained much attention recently because of progress in the following areas. First, pattern formation. The exquisite spatial arrangement provides a simple model for decoding the rules of morphogenesis. Second, stem cell biology. In every molting, a few stem cells have to rebuild the entire epithelial organ, providing much to learn on how to regenerate an organ physiologically. Third, evolution and development ('Evo-Devo'). The discovery of feathered dinosaur fossils in China prompted enthusiastic inquiries about the origin and evolution of feathers. Progress has been made in elucidating feather morphogenesis in five successive phases: macro-patterning, micro-patterning, intra-bud morphogenesis, follicle morphogenesis and regenerative cycling.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Body Patterning / physiology
  • Ectoderm / cytology
  • Ectoderm / metabolism
  • Feathers / cytology
  • Feathers / embryology*
  • Feathers / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / physiology
  • Genes, Homeobox / genetics
  • Models, Biological
  • Morphogenesis / physiology*
  • Regeneration / physiology
  • Skin / cytology
  • Skin / embryology*
  • Skin / metabolism