Oral misoprostol vs. intravenous oxytocin in reducing blood loss after emergency cesarean delivery

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2006 Oct;95(1):2-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2006.05.031. Epub 2006 Aug 23.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of oral misoprostol and intravenous oxytocin in reducing blood loss in women undergoing indicated or elective cesarean delivery (CD) under spinal anesthesia.

Methods: In this prospective, double-blind pilot study, 56 parturients who received 5 IU of intravenous oxytocin after cord clamping were randomized to further receive either misoprostol orally and a placebo infusion intravenously or placebo orally and an oxytocin infusion intravenously.

Results: After adjustment was made for the sonographically estimated amniotic fluid volume, there was no statistical difference in blood loss between the 2 groups (mean+/-S.D., 1083+/-920 mL in the oxytocin group vs. 970+/-560 mL in the misoprostol group; P=.59).

Conclusion: Oxytocin followed by oral misoprostol is as effective as an oxytocin injection followed by an oxytocin infusion in reducing postoperative blood loss after CD, and the protocol may be a safe, valuable, and cost-effective alternative to oxytocin alone. Visual estimation of intraoperative blood loss undervalues the effective value of misoprostol use by 30%.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Cesarean Section / methods*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Hemostasis, Surgical / methods*
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Misoprostol / therapeutic use*
  • Oxytocics / therapeutic use*
  • Oxytocin / therapeutic use*
  • Pilot Projects
  • Postpartum Hemorrhage / drug therapy*
  • Pregnancy
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Oxytocics
  • Misoprostol
  • Oxytocin