Clathrin required for phosphorylation and internalization of beta2-adrenergic receptor by G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2)

J Biol Chem. 2006 Oct 20;281(42):31940-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M602832200. Epub 2006 Aug 18.

Abstract

Clathrin is a major component of clathrin-coated pits and serves as a binding scaffold for endocytic machinery through the binding of a specific sequence known as the clathrin-binding motif. This motif is also found in cellular signaling proteins other than endocytic components, including G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), which phosphorylates G protein-coupled receptors and promotes uncoupling of receptor-G protein interaction. However, the functions of clathrin in the regulation of GRK2 are unknown. Here we demonstrated that overexpression of GRK2 mutated at the clathrin-binding motif with alanine (GRK2-5A) results in inhibition of phosphorylation and internalization of the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR). However, the interaction of beta2AR with GRK2-5A is the same as that of wild type GRK2 as determined by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer. Furthermore, GRK2-5A phosphorylates rhodopsin essentially to the same extent as wild type GRK2 in vitro. Depletion of the clathrin heavy chain using small interference RNA inhibits agonist-induced phosphorylation and internalization of beta2AR. Thus, clathrin works as a regulator of GRK2 in cells. These results indicate that clathrin is a novel player in cellular functions in addition to being a component of endocytosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Cell Line
  • Clathrin / chemistry
  • Clathrin / metabolism
  • Clathrin / physiology*
  • Endocytosis
  • G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2
  • Humans
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / metabolism*
  • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
  • beta-Adrenergic Receptor Kinases / metabolism*

Substances

  • Clathrin
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2
  • GRK2 protein, human
  • beta-Adrenergic Receptor Kinases
  • G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2