Direct binding of p85 to sst2 somatostatin receptor reveals a novel mechanism for inhibiting PI3K pathway

EMBO J. 2006 Sep 6;25(17):3943-54. doi: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601279. Epub 2006 Aug 17.

Abstract

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) regulates many cellular functions including growth and survival, and its excessive activation is a hallmark of cancer. Somatostatin, acting through its G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) sst2, has potent proapoptotic and anti-invasive activities on normal and cancer cells. Here, we report a novel mechanism for inhibiting PI3K activity. Somatostatin, acting through sst2, inhibits PI3K activity by disrupting a pre-existing complex comprising the sst2 receptor and the p85 PI3K regulatory subunit. Surface plasmon resonance and molecular modeling identified the phosphorylated-Y71 residue of a p85-binding pYXXM motif in the first sst2 intracellular loop, and p85 COOH-terminal SH2 as direct interacting domains. Somatostatin-mediated dissociation of this complex as well as p85 tyrosine dephosphorylation correlates with sst2 tyrosine dephosphorylation on the Y71 residue. Mutating sst2-Y71 disabled sst2 to interact with p85 and somatostatin to inhibit PI3K, consequently abrogating sst2's ability to suppress cell survival and tumor growth. These results provide the first demonstration of a physical interaction between a GPCR and p85, revealing a novel mechanism for negative regulation by ligand-activated GPCR of PI3K-dependent survival pathways, which may be an important molecular target for antineoplastic therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Survival
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Mutation
  • Neoplasm Transplantation
  • Neoplasms, Experimental / pathology
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / genetics
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / physiology*
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Binding
  • Receptors, Somatostatin / genetics
  • Receptors, Somatostatin / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Somatostatin / physiology*
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance
  • Transplantation, Heterologous
  • Tyrosine / metabolism
  • src Homology Domains

Substances

  • Receptors, Somatostatin
  • Tyrosine
  • Somatostatin
  • somatostatin receptor 2
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases