[Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the adult population of Yecla (Murcia). Degree of agreement between three definitions of it]

Aten Primaria. 2006 Jun 30;38(2):72-9. doi: 10.1157/13090435.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), its components and insulin resistance (IR) in the adult population of Yecla. To study the variability between 3 definitions of the syndrome and IR. To identify the variables that predict the presence of IR and to verify the diagnostic validity of several strategies for predicting it.

Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study.

Setting: Primary care, Yecla (Murcia), Spain.

Participants: We studied 317 persons (292 with analysis) out of 424 selected by stratified (age and sex) random sampling from 18,059 people > or = 30 years old and possessing a health card.

Main measurements: We used WHO-98, NCEP III, and EGIR criteria for diagnosing MS, and WHO-99 for defining DM2, impaired basal glucose and impaired glucose tolerance. The following variables were collected: social, demographic and personal details, plasma lipid, glycosylated haemoglobin, microalbuminuria, and insulin levels. IR was defined by the HOMA method at > or = 3.8 or as the highest quartile of basal insulinemia in normoglycaemic persons.

Results: MS prevalence was NCEP 20.2% (95% CI, 15.6-24.8), WHO 35.3% (95% CI, 29.8-40.8), EGIR 24% (95% CI, 19.1-28.9), and IR was 27.7% (95% CI, 22.6-32.8). The sensitivity and specificity of NCEP, WHO, and EGIR criteria for detecting IR were (46% and 90%), (78% and 81%), and (73% and 95%), respectively. Insulin resistance was associated significantly with age, basal glycaemia, triglycerides, and waist circumference.

Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome is common in Yecla (more so in men). There is disagreement between several diagnostic criteria for the syndrome, with NCEP criteria less sensitive in determining IR. A generally accepted definition is needed.

Objetivos: Detectar la prevalencia del síndrome metabólico (SM), sus componentes y la resistencia a la insulina (RI) en la población adulta de Yecla. Estudiar la concordancia de 3 definiciones del SM entre sí y con la RI. Identificar variables que puedan predecir la presencia de RI y comprobar la validez diagnóstica de varias estrategias para predecirla.

Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, transversal.

Emplazamiento: Población de Yecla (Murcia). Ámbito de atención primaria.

Participantes: Estudiamos a 317 personas (292 aportaron analítica) de 424 seleccionadas mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado (edad y sexo) de 18.059 con tarjeta sanitaria y edad ≥ 30 años.

Mediciones principales: Utilizamos los criterios NCEP III, OMS-98 y EGIR (Grupo Europeo de Estudio de la Resistencia a la Insulina) para diagnosticar el SM y OMS-99 para definir la diabetes mellitus no insulinodependiente, la glucemia basal alterada y la tolerancia alterada a la glucosa.

Recogimos variables sociodemográficas y antropométricas, y determinamos la presencia de lípidos, microalbuminuria, HbA1c e insulinemia; definimos RI si el índice HOMA ≥ 3,8 o como cuartil más alto de insulinemia basal en normoglucémicos.

Resultados: La prevalencia del SM fue, según los criterios NCEP, del 20,2% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 15,6-24,8), OMS del 35,3% (IC del 95%, 29,8-40,8), EGIR del 24% (IC del 95%, 19,1-28,9) y RI del 27,7% (IC del 95%, 22,6- 32,8).

La sensibilidad y la especificidad de NCEP, OMS y EGIR para detectar RI fueron del 46 y el 90%, del 78 y el 81% y del 73 y el 95%, respectivamente. La edad, la glucemia basal, los triglicéridos y el perímetro de la cintura se asocian significativamente con RI.

Conclusiones: Hay una alta prevalencia de SM en el área (mayor en los varones). Hay diferencias entre los diferentes criterios diagnósticos del síndrome, y los de NCEP son menos sensible para determinar la RI. Es necesario establecer una definición universalmente aceptada del SM.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Data Interpretation, Statistical
  • Female
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance*
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / blood
  • Metabolic Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Metabolic Syndrome / epidemiology*
  • Middle Aged
  • ROC Curve
  • Sampling Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Sex Factors
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • World Health Organization

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A